Electro-Hydraulic Servo CNC Bending Machine: A Precise and Efficient Choice for Sheet Metal Processing

In the field of metal sheet metal processing, the electro-hydraulic servo CNC bending machine has become an indispensable key equipment in modern industrial production due to its core advantages of high precision, high efficiency, and high stability. Through the in-depth integration of electro-hydraulic servo technology and CNC system, it achieves precise control over the sheet metal bending process, and is widely used in automobile manufacturing, aerospace, home appliance production, electronic consumer goods and many other industries. It has completely changed the extensive mode of traditional sheet metal bending relying on manual operation, and promoted the intelligent upgrading of the sheet metal processing industry.

Looking back at the development history of electro-hydraulic servo CNC bending machines, the evolution of their core technologies has always centered on precision improvement and automation upgrading. In 1970, CYBELEC launched the world's first CNC bending system, opening the era of numerical control for bending processing; in 1978, the application of microprocessor technology gave birth to the world's first CNC system for electro-hydraulic servo bending machines, realizing the first combination of electro-hydraulic drive and digital control; since then, with the successive breakthroughs of laser angle measurement, real-time dynamic compensation, 3D graphics display and other technologies, the control precision and operational convenience of the equipment have been continuously improved. Especially in 1998, the introduction of the Windows operating system into the CNC system further lowered the operation threshold and promoted the popularization and application of the equipment.

The precision and efficiency of the electro-hydraulic servo CNC bending machine stem from its scientific working principle and precise system coordination. Its core working logic is to digitize the drawings and process information of part processing, compile and write the processing program through special codes and input it into the control system. After compiling and calculating, the system issues instructions to the servo mechanism and auxiliary devices to drive the machine tool to complete the bending action. Specifically, the equipment needs to realize two types of key actions: first, the slider drives the upper die to move vertically back and forth relative to the lower die, applying pressure to the sheet metal to complete the bending forming; second, the back gauge mechanism moves precisely to ensure the positional accuracy between the center line of the bending angle and the edge of the sheet metal. Compared with traditional equipment, its unique electro-hydraulic servo drive system uses a servo motor instead of an asynchronous motor, and forms a closed-loop control with a proportional electro-hydraulic servo valve and a grating ruler. It can real-time feedback the slider operation data, and ensure the slider synchronization accuracy and positioning accuracy by dynamically adjusting the flow and direction of hydraulic oil. The bending angle error can be controlled within ±0.1°.

The stable performance of the equipment is inseparable from a reasonable core structure. The electro-hydraulic servo CNC bending machine is mainly composed of a hardware system and a software system working together. The hardware part is based on a deep jaw machine body, which improves rigidity through all-steel welding structure and vibration aging treatment, effectively avoiding machine body deformation during processing; the grouped hydraulic cylinder design can meet the needs of ultra-large tonnage processing, and realize precise coordination of multiple cylinders with synchronization control technology; the automatic compensation workbench can real-time fine-tune through the bottom hydraulic cylinder to offset the precision error caused by the compression deformation of the workbench. As a key component for precision control, the back gauge mechanism adopts high-precision ball screws and linear guides, which can realize multi-axis linkage control, and can be configured up to 12+1 axes to meet the multi-directional positioning needs of complex workpieces. The software system includes six core programs such as initialization, data processing, interpolation calculation, and speed control. Through the graphical programming interface, it supports offline programming and 3D simulation verification. Operators can intuitively preview the processing process, reduce the number of test molds, and significantly improve debugging efficiency.

Compared with traditional bending equipment, the electro-hydraulic servo CNC bending machine shows significant performance advantages. First, the energy-saving effect is prominent. The servo motor only consumes energy during the processing action, and has zero energy consumption in the standby state. It saves 30%-60% energy compared with traditional hydraulic bending machines, and can greatly reduce production costs in long-term use. Second, the processing precision is excellent. Through closed-loop control and automatic compensation technology, the repeat positioning accuracy of the slider can reach ±0.05mm, the consistency of batch processed workpieces is excellent, and the scrap rate can be controlled below 1%. Third, the operation is convenient and efficient. The CNC system supports multi-step programming and power-off memory functions, which can realize continuous automatic operation. With the quick die change device, it greatly shortens the production preparation time. In addition, the equipment also has good expandability, which can integrate robot loading and unloading, laser tool setting and other devices, and form a flexible manufacturing system with laser cutting machines, punch presses, etc., to realize unmanned production.

In terms of application scenarios, relying on its flexible adaptability, the electro-hydraulic servo CNC bending machine has been deeply penetrated into many key industries. In the field of automobile manufacturing, it is used to process precision components such as battery trays and motor brackets; in the field of construction machinery, it can easily bend thick plates above 50mm, and is used to produce heavy components such as bridge brackets and crane telescopic arms; in the home appliance and electronic industries, for small-size, multi-bend thin plate parts, small-sized and high-speed equipment models can greatly improve production efficiency; in the aerospace field, its high-precision processing capability can meet the strict quality requirements of aerospace components. A construction machinery enterprise used a 1000T-level equipment to process 40mm thick carbon steel components, the production efficiency increased by 40%, and the qualified rate of finished products increased from 92% to 99%, which fully confirms its economic value.

Looking ahead, with the development of industrial manufacturing towards low carbonization and intelligence, the electro-hydraulic servo CNC bending machine is evolving towards two major trends: low energy consumption and miniaturization. The popularization of the servo electro-hydraulic hybrid system will further improve the energy-saving effect, while the small-tonnage and high-speed equipment will better adapt to the lightweight production needs of the home appliance, electronic and other industries. At the same time, the integration of AI process optimization, AR assisted operation, cloud MES system integration and other technologies will promote the equipment to achieve a more in-depth intelligent upgrade, injecting continuous power into the high-quality development of the sheet metal processing industry.